Development of CHARM Pad: a Multi-viewpoint Knowledge Browsing System Towards Goal-oriented Learning of Nursing Actions and its Practical Use in Training of Novice Nurses

摘要

Nurses' daily practices are performed according to nursing guidelines of hospitals. Novice nurses learn by consulting the bulky files of the guidelines for their practices. The nurses' actions in practice are usually transmitted from experienced nurses to the novices through the daily practices. It is difficult to represent complex and intertwined actions with their goals by the paper guidelines. The goal of the actions is often implicit knowledge accumulated through the nurses' daily practices. To cope with this problem, we have previously proposed a goal realization model called “CHARM” (an abbreviation for “Convincing Human Action Rationalized Model”). Unlike in the printed guidelines, CHARM can represent the goal of actions. We have described nursing actions and their goals as CHARM trees constructed from real nursing guidelines used in a hospital through consultation with experienced nurses. On the other hand, the novices need to learn sequence of the actions. Therefore we developed a tablet computer, which is called CHARM Pad, for browsing CHARM trees with two modes corresponding to the both viewpoints. The novices are able to learn nursing actions with their goals by both goal-oriented viewpoint and sequence-oriented viewpoint. The CHARM Pad has been used for training of the novice nurses at ICU unit. After the training, we received positive comments from the chief nurse in the ICU unit and the chief nurse in the Nursing Department. Questionnaires completed by the novice nurses also showed that the two modes of the CHARM Pad helped them to understand the goals and the sequence of the actions.